Experimental Analysis of the Aerodynamic Impact of Cropping on Delta Wing Configurations in a Wind Tunnel

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This research paper investigates the impact on aerodynamic characteristics of wingtip cropping on delta wing configurations through a series of controlled wind tunnel experiments. Delta wings, known for their high-speed performance and structural efficiency, are often modified to meet specific design constraints, with cropping being a common modification. The study focuses on quantifying how varying degrees of wingtip cropping influence key aerodynamic characteristics such as lift, drag, pitching moment, and vortex behavior. A baseline semi-span delta wing and five cropped variants were fabricated using rapid prototyping and tested in a low-speed, closed-circuit wind tunnel with closed test section across a range of angles of attack (0° to 40°) for Reynolds number around 7.5x105. Force and moment measurements were obtained using a six-component balance. Flow visualization techniques such as smoke injection and tuft grid methods were employed to capture vortex development and flow separation. The results indicate that cropping significantly alters leading-edge vortex structure, reduces lift generation at higher angles of attack. In particular, moderate cropping led to a favorable balance between reduced drag and manageable loss of lift, suggesting potential performance benefits in specific flight regimes. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the aerodynamic trade-offs associated with delta wing modifications and offer practical guidance for the design of high-performance, compact airframes.

Wind tunnel; Delta Wing; UAV; STOL; Aerodynamic experimental analysis